Category Archives: Diseases

The Bonferroni method

The designation into risk classes III, IV, and V are based on the whether the patient has one, two, or three of the central risk factors, respectively. We defined the occurrence of altered mental status as an initial Glasgow Coma score < 14 or a designation by the physician of disorientation, stupor, or coma. End Points and Sensitivity Analyses In-hospital […]

Hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetes mellitus

Results The final cohort included 34,669 subjects, of whom 80.6% had a principal diagnosis of AECOPD and the remainder had acute respiratory failure noted as the principal diagnosis along with COPD as a secondary diagnosis. As shown in Table 1, the median age was 72 years and 46.4% were men. The most common comorbidities were hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetes […]

Diagnosis of asthma, CB, and emphysema

In the United States, a more specific criterion was used (GOLD stage IB [ie, FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7 and FEV1 < 80% predicted]), whereas in Italy a more sensitive criterion (ie, GOLD criterion for stage 1 to 4 disease, without considering FEV1 percent predicted) was used. Indeed, we believe that it is more informative to […]

Reasons for Diseases: Canadian pharmacy

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Peyronie’s Disease: Patient Evaluation

History The evaluation of a man suspected of having PD should begin with a thorough medical his-tory that probes the etiology (e.g., inciting events or trauma), level of disability (i.e., the ability to have intercourse, erectile function, and psychosocial effects), duration of disease, and degree of curvature. Risk factors for severe PD and general medical […]

Immunofluorescence assay (IFA)

PHFAs were cultured on poly-L-lysine-coated 2-chamber glass slides, and the infection was performed as described above. The procedure of immunofluorescence assay has previously been described. Briefly, PHFAs infected with or without HHV-6A were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (in PBS), permeabilized in 0.5% Triton X-100 (in PBS), and stained with the anti-gp60/110 monoclonal antibodies (Chemicon international) […]

HHV-6A activates PARP cleavage and up-regulates bax/bcl-2 ratio. Part 3

In addition, NF-κB reportedly induces the expression of c-IAP1, c-IAP2 and XIAP, thereby promoting NF-κB activation in a positive feed-back system. NF-κB up-regulation exerts an anti-apoptotic effect leading to cells survival, transformation, and resistance to radiation and drug therapies. In contrast, NF-κB down-regulation will break this feed-back loop and reduce the expression of c-IAP1, c-IAP2 […]

HHV-6A activates PARP cleavage and up-regulates bax/bcl-2 ratio. Part 2

HHV-6 was first isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with lymphoproliferative disorders and AIDS. There are two variants of HHV-6 (A and B) according to distinct genetic, immunological and virological characteristics. As with other virus, HHV-6 is able to induce apoptosis of host cells. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that HHV-6 has been shown […]

HHV-6A activates PARP cleavage and up-regulates bax/bcl-2 ratio

PARP is an established substrate for caspase-3 in the apoptotic events. Cleavage of PARP facilitates cellular disassembly and serves as a marker of cells undergoing apoptosis. Western blotting was used to detect endogenous full-length PARP (116 KD), as well as the large fragment (89 KD) of PARP resulting from caspase cleavage. As shown in Figure […]

HHV-6A causes productive infection in PHFAs

HHV-6A was used to infect PHFAs at comparable levels of virus DNA (1 × 108 copies/106 cells) as determined by quantitative PCR. HHV-6A-infected PHFAs showed typical cytopathic effects (CPE) such as cellular swelling and cell fusion at 72 h post-infection (hpi). To further determine HHV-6A infection in PHFAs, the expression of a late protein gp60/110 […]